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Description: Tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) is a key mediator of inflammation in host defence against infection and in autoimmune disease. Its production is controlled post-transcriptionally by multiple RNA-binding proteins that interact with the TNF-alpha AU-rich element and regulate its expression; Fragile X mental retardation-related protein 1 (FXR1) is one of these. FXR1 (fragile-X-mental retardation-related protein 1) are RNA-binding proteins that have been demonstrated to impact miRNA-mediated, post-transcriptional gene regulation, and required for embryonic and postnatal development of muscle tissue. It can regulate intracellular transport and local translation of certain mRNAs

Catalog Number: 10085-966

Supplier: Proteintech

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Description: SAA4 is a constitutively expressed protein belonging to the SAA family. It is a major acute phase reactant and an apolipoprotein of the HDL complex. The serum amyloid A (SAA) superfamily comprises a number of differentially expressed genes with a high degree of homology in mammalian species. SAA4, an apolipoprotein constitutively expressed only in humans and mice, is associated almost entirely with lipoproteins of the high density range. Its physiological function is unknown and its serum concentration has no relationship with those of other major apolipoproteins. The presence of SAA4 mRNA and protein in macrophage derived foam cells of coronary and carotid arteries suggested a specific role of human SAA4 during inflammation including atherosclerosis.

Catalog Number: 76116-756

Supplier: Bioss

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Description: SAA4 is a constitutively expressed protein belonging to the SAA family. It is a major acute phase reactant and an apolipoprotein of the HDL complex. The serum amyloid A (SAA) superfamily comprises a number of differentially expressed genes with a high degree of homology in mammalian species. SAA4, an apolipoprotein constitutively expressed only in humans and mice, is associated almost entirely with lipoproteins of the high density range. Its physiological function is unknown and its serum concentration has no relationship with those of other major apolipoproteins. The presence of SAA4 mRNA and protein in macrophage derived foam cells of coronary and carotid arteries suggested a specific role of human SAA4 during inflammation including atherosclerosis.

Catalog Number: 10465-000

Supplier: Bioss

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Description: The Rab27 GTPase subfamily consists of two closely related homologs, Rab27a and Rab27b. Northern blot analysis revealed that Rab27b is expressed significantly only in testis, in which the predominant transcript was 1.4 kb in size. An 8-kb mRNA of unknown origin was detected in many tissues. Rab27b is associated with tubulovesicle membranes in the parietal cell and Rab27b may play a role in stimulation-associated membrane recruitment and gastric acid secretion. Rab27b is recently reported as a marker for breast cancer progression. It regulates invasive growth and metastasis in ER-positive breast cancer cell lines, and increased expression is associated with poor prognosis in humans.

Catalog Number: 10093-162

Supplier: Proteintech

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Description: BAG1 have been identified that modulate gene transcription through poorly defined mechanisms. Four isoforms of the BAG1 protein (BAG1S, BAG1, BAG1M and BAG1L) can be produced from a common mRNA by use of alternative translation initiation sites, including a non-canonical CTG codon in one instance. The longest, BAG1L (Mr ~50K), contains a nuclear localization signal (NLS) and resides in the nucleus, whereas BAG1M (Mr ~46K) has an incomplete NLS and distributes mainly in cytosol, unless dragged into the nucleus through interactions with other. Distribution of BAG1S(p33) is not clear yet. This antibody can recognize all the isoforms of BAG1.

Catalog Number: 10083-484

Supplier: Proteintech

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Description: Apoptosis plays a major role in normal organism development, tissue homeostasis, and removal of damaged cells. Disruption of this process has been implicated in a variety of diseases such as cancer. Aven is a recently discovered protein that blocks apoptosis induced by Apaf-1 and caspase-9. It is thought that Aven functions by binding to Bcl-xL, an antiapoptotic member of the Bcl-2 family, and to Apaf-1, possibly interfering with the ability of Apaf-1 to self-associate, suggesting that Aven impedes Apaf-1-mediated caspase activation. Higher levels of Aven mRNA are seen in patients with acute leukemia than in control patients, suggesting that Aven may be useful as a prognostic indicator in leukemia patients.

Catalog Number: 10800-244

Supplier: Rockland Immunochemical

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Description: The signal sequence receptor (SSR) is a glycosylated endoplasmic reticulum (ER) membrane receptor associated with protein translocation across the ER membrane. The SSR consists of 2 subunits, a 34-kD glycoprotein encoded by this gene and a 22-kD glycoprotein.The signal sequence receptor (SSR) is a glycosylated endoplasmic reticulum (ER) membrane receptor associated with protein translocation across the ER membrane. The SSR consists of 2 subunits, a 34-kD glycoprotein encoded by this gene and a 22-kD glycoprotein. This gene generates several mRNA species as a result of complex alternative polyadenylation. This gene is unusual in that it utilizes arrays of polyA signal sequences that are exclusively non-canonical.

Catalog Number: 10109-392

Supplier: Prosci

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Description: Iron metabolism is essential for sustaining mammalian homeostasis. Iron uptake and distribution is a highly regulated process in mammalian cells that is monitored by two iron sensing proteins; iron regulatory protein-1 and -2 (IRP-1 and -2), also known as iron responsive element-binding protein-1 and -2 (IRE–BP-1 and -2) or aconitase 1 and 2. IRP-1 and IRP-2 are important soluble regulatory factors that mediate iron uptake and storage in mammalian cells. They are capable of either repressing translation or enhancing mRNA stability by associating with stem-loop motifs known as iron-responsive elements (IREs). IRPs respond to stress mediators, iron concentration and signaling factors, including nitrogen monoxide, cytokines and hydrogen peroxide.

Catalog Number: 10285-434

Supplier: Bioss

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Description: Butyrophilin-like 2 (BTNL2) is a butyrophilin family member with homology to the B7 costimulatory molecules, polymorphisms of which have been recently associated through genetic analysis; to sporadic inclusion body myositis and sarcoidosis. BTNL2 mRNA is highly expressed in lymphoid tissues as well as in intestine. BTNL2-Ig fusion protein was shown to recognize a putative receptor whose expression on B and T cells was significantly enhanced after activation. It inhibited T cell proliferation and TCR activation of NFAT, NF-kappaB and AP-1 signaling pathways. BTNL2 is the first member of the butyrophilin family that regulates T cell activation, which has implications in immune diseases and immunotherapy.

Catalog Number: 102981-426

Supplier: Adipogen

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Description: Iron metabolism is essential for sustaining mammalian homeostasis. Iron uptake and distribution is a highly regulated process in mammalian cells that is monitored by two iron sensing proteins; iron regulatory protein-1 and -2 (IRP-1 and -2), also known as iron responsive element-binding protein-1 and -2 (IRE–BP-1 and -2) or aconitase 1 and 2. IRP-1 and IRP-2 are important soluble regulatory factors that mediate iron uptake and storage in mammalian cells. They are capable of either repressing translation or enhancing mRNA stability by associating with stem-loop motifs known as iron-responsive elements (IREs). IRPs respond to stress mediators, iron concentration and signaling factors, including nitrogen monoxide, cytokines and hydrogen peroxide.

Catalog Number: 10285-458

Supplier: Bioss

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Description: Apoptosis plays a major role in normal organism development, tissue homeostasis, and removal of damaged cells. Disruption of this process has been implicated in a variety of diseases such as cancer. Aven is a recently discovered protein that blocks apoptosis induced by Apaf-1 and caspase-9. It is thought that Aven functions by binding to Bcl-xL, an antiapoptotic member of the Bcl-2 family, and to Apaf-1, possibly interfering with the ability of Apaf-1 to self-associate, suggesting that Aven impedes Apaf-1-mediated caspase activation. Higher levels of Aven mRNA are seen in patients with acute leukemia than in control patients, suggesting that Aven may be useful as a prognostic indicator in leukemia patients.

Catalog Number: 10800-246

Supplier: Rockland Immunochemical

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Description: NXF1 is one member of a family of nuclear RNA export factor. Common domain features of this family are a noncanonical RNP-type RNA-binding domain (RBD), 4 leucine-rich repeats (LRRs), a nuclear transport factor 2 (NTF2)-like domain that allows heterodimerization with NTF2-related export protein-1 (NXT1), and a ubiquitin-associated domain that mediates interactions with nucleoporins. The LRRs and NTF2-like domains are required for export activity. NXF1 shuttles between the nucleus and the cytoplasm and binds in vivo to poly (A)+ RNA. NXF1 overcomes the mRNA export block caused by the presence of saturating amounts of CTE (constitutive transport element) RNA of type D retroviruses.This gene is one member of a family of nuclear RNA export factor genes. Common domain features of this family are a noncanonical RNP-type RNA-binding domain (RBD), 4 leucine-rich repeats (LRRs), a nuclear transport factor 2 (NTF2)-like domain that allows heterodimerization with NTF2-related export protein-1 (NXT1), and a ubiquitin-associated domain that mediates interactions with nucleoporins. The LRRs and NTF2-like domains are required for export activity. Alternative splicing seems to be a common mechanism in this gene family. The encoded protein of this gene shuttles between the nucleus and the cytoplasm and binds in vivo to poly (A)+ RNA. It is the vertebrate homologue of the yeast protein Mex67p. The encoded protein overcomes the mRNA export block caused by the presence of saturating amounts of CTE (constitutive transport element) RNA of type D retroviruses.

Catalog Number: 10107-968

Supplier: Prosci

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Description: Human CD28 is an important costimulatory molecule found on all CD4+ T cells and on about half of the CD8+ T cells. T cell activities attributed to CD28 include prevention of anergy, induction of cytokine gene transcription, stabilization of cytokine mRNA and activation of CD8+ cytotoxic T lymphocytes. The ligands for CD28 identified as CD80 (B7-1) and CD86 (B7-2) are immunglobulin superfamily monomeric transmembrane glycoproteins of 60kDa and 80kDa respectively. Anti-CD28 antibodies have been shown to have a strong adjuvant effect when conjugated to an immunogen. Monovalency of the CD28 receptor for its natural ligands is essential to provide costimulation without inducing responses in the absense of TCR engagement.

Catalog Number: 102512-192

Supplier: Adipogen

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Description: TYW2 Antibody: TYW2, also known as TRM12, is an enzyme that participates in the wybutosine-tRNA (Phe) biosynthesis pathway. Wybutosine (yW) is a hypermodified guanosine at the 3-prime position adjacent to the anticodon of phenylalanine tRNA that stabilizes codon-anticodon interactions during decoding on the ribosome. TYW2 is involved in a multistep enzymatic reaction that stabilizes codon-anticodon base-pairing during the ribosomal decoding process, thereby ensuring correct translation. TYW2 was found to be amplified in 7 of 8 breast cancers cell lines analyzed, and qPCR analysis of 30 breast tumors showed overexpression of TYW2 mRNA of over 2-fold in 26, suggesting that TYW2 may play a role in breast cancer.

Catalog Number: 89417-868

Supplier: Prosci

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Description: Component of the PAF1 complex (PAF1C) which has multiple functions during transcription by RNA polymerase II and is implicated in regulation of development and maintenance of embryonic stem cell pluripotency. PAF1C associates with RNA polymerase II through interaction with POLR2A CTD non-phosphorylated and 'Ser-2'- and 'Ser-5'-phosphorylated forms and is involved in transcriptional elongation, acting both indepentently and synergistically with TCEA1 and in cooperation with the DSIF complex and HTATSF1. PAF1C is required for transcription of Hox and Wnt target genes. PAF1C is involved in hematopoiesis and stimulates transcriptional activity of KMT2A/MLL1; it promotes leukemogenesis through association with KMT2A/MLL1-rearranged oncoproteins, such as KMT2A/MLL1-MLLT3/AF9 and KMT2A/MLL1-MLLT1/ENL. PAF1C is involved in histone modifications such as ubiquitination of histone H2B and methylation on histone H3 'Lys-4' (H3K4me3). PAF1C recruits the RNF20/40 E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase complex and the E2 enzyme UBE2A or UBE2B to chromatin which mediate monoubiquitination of 'Lys-120' of histone H2B (H2BK120ub1); UB2A/B-mediated H2B ubiquitination is proposed to be coupled to transcription. PAF1C is involved in mRNA 3' end formation probably through association with cleavage and poly(A) factors. In case of infection by influenza A strain H3N2, PAF1C associates with viral NS1 protein, thereby regulating gene transcription. Involved in polyadenylation of mRNA precursors. Connects PAF1C to Wnt signaling.

Catalog Number: 10360-840

Supplier: Bioss

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Description: OCIAD2 was identified by its sequence similarity with OCIAD1, and together OCIAD1 and OCIAD2 form the OCIA domain family. OCIAD2 mRNA was found to be expressed at higher levels in invasive adenocarcinoma mixed subtype with bronchioloalveolar carcinoma component (BAC) of the lung. Loss of OCIAD2 expression was significantly correlated with lymphatic invasion, blood vessel invasion, and lymph node metastasis, indicating that OCIAD2 may play a role in cell adhesion and prevention of cell migration. While the function of OCIAD2 is still unknown, its expression in adenocarcinoma with BAC component is significantly associated with a favorable prognosis and may serve as a marker for selecting tumors that are treatable by limited surgery.

Catalog Number: 75930-588

Supplier: Rockland Immunochemical

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