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Catalog Number: (102978-634)

Supplier: Adipogen

Description: Caspase-11 not only activates caspase-1, that is required for the maturation of proinflammatory cytokines such as interleukin-1 (IL-1) and interleukin-18 (IL-18), but also activates caspase-3, leading to cellular apoptosis under pathological conditions. In most cells, caspase-11 is only expressed upon induction with pro-inflammatory stimuli. Caspase-11 is an essential mediator of endotoxic shock and caspase-11-deficient mice are resistant to endotoxic shock. LPS-induced caspase-11 regulates lymphocyte apoptosis by activating both caspase-3 and caspase-7.

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Supplier: Adipogen

Description: Activation of cells by LPS is mediated by the Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4). For optimal interaction with LPS, TLR4 requires association with myeloid differentiation protein 2 (MD-2). According to current consensus activation of TLR4 is preceded by the transfer of LPS to membrane-bound (m) or soluble (s) CD14 by LPS-binding protein (LBP). Re-form LPS and lipid A, but not S-form LPS, are capable of inducing TNF-alpha responses also in the absence of CD14. LPS, synthesized by most wild-type (WT) Gram-negative bacteria (S-form LPS), consists of three regions, the O-polysaccharide chain, which is made up of repeating oligosaccharide units, the core oligosaccharide and the lipid A, which harbors the endotoxic activity of the entire molecule. R-form LPS synthesized by the so-called rough (R) mutants of Gram-negative bacteria lacks the O-specific chain. Furthermore, the core-oligosaccharide may be present in different degrees of completion, depending on the class (Ra to Re) to which the mutant belongs. LPS are amphipathic molecules whose hydrophobicity decreases with increasing length of the sugar part. Based upon these differences, S- and R-form LPS show marked differences in the kinetics of their blood clearance and cellular uptake as well as in the ability to induce oxidative burst in human granulocytes and to activate the host complement system.

Supplier: Adipogen

Description: Integral part of the cap structure of mRNA necessary for the attachment of the nucleic acids to the ribosome. Has binding affinity to guanine deaminase, an important metalloenzyme in purine catabolism. Found in urine of patients with malignant cancer, suggesting an important role.

Supplier: Adipogen

Description: Fluorescent probe for thiols widely used in pre-column labeling of biological thiols for HPLC.

Supplier: Adipogen

Description: Fluorescent probe for detection of H2S2 and hydrogen polysulfides in aqueous buffers.

Supplier: Adipogen

Description: fluorescent reagent for use in circular dichroic exciton method for derivatisation of hydroxyl-groups under mild conditions. The absorption at 406 nm is futher in the red than for reagents like naphthoylimidazole. The reagent offers high sensitivity through a high molar extinction coefficient.

Supplier: Adipogen

Description: 3,3'-Dipropylthiadicarbocyanine iodide is applied for transmembrane potential measurements.

Catalog Number: (102512-332)

Supplier: Adipogen

Description: Human CD43 is a heavily O-glycosylated and sialylated transmembrane protein that is mainly found on T cells, but not on B cells.

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Supplier: Adipogen

Description: Fluorescent reagent with high selectivity.

Catalog Number: (102988-266)

Supplier: Adipogen

Description: Anticancer compound

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Supplier: Adipogen

Description: N-Tetradecanoyl-L-homoserine lactone is a small diffusible signaling molecule and is a member of N-acyl-homoserine lactone family. N-acylhomoserine lactones (AHL) are involved in quorum sensing, controlling gene expression, and cellular metabolism. The diverse applications of this kind of molecule include regulation of virulence in general, infection prevention, and formation of biofilms. It appears later than shorter acyl chain AHLs in developing biofilms and, like other long chain AHLs, stimulates bacterial growth. C14-HSL also alters the proteolytic activity and enhances the migration of some strains of Proteus mirabilis. Induces violacein expression in a Chromobacterium violaceum mutant usually not able to produce homoserine lactones.

Supplier: Adipogen

Description: Interleukin-4 (IL-4) is a cytokine produced by type 2 helper T cells, the Th2 cells. These cells tends to make a specific set of lymphokines including IL-4, IL-5, IL-6, IL-10, IL-13, IL-3 and GM-CSF and fail to produce IL-2, IFN-gamma, and lymphotoxin (TNF-beta). In addition, mast cells can produce IL-4. IL-4 exerts numerous effects on various hematopoietic cell types. On B cells, IL-4 promotes immunoglobulin class switching to IgE and IgG1 isotypes and upregulates MHC class II and CD23 expression. IL-4 promotes survival, growth, and differentiation of both T and B lymphocytes, mast cells and endothelial cells. In addition, IL-4 inhibits the production of TNF, IL-1, and IL-6 by macrophages.

Supplier: Adipogen

Description: TAE684 is a potent and selective ALK inhibitor with an IC(50) of 3nM. It is 100-fold more sensitive for ALK over InsR.

Supplier: Adipogen

Description: Efficient coupling reagent for the synthesis of sterically hindered amides, especially peptides. In terms of reactivity and racemization-suppressing capability, this pyridinium-type reagent, BEP, proved to be more efficient than commonly used uronium- and phosphonium-type reagents, such as HBTU, BOP, and PyBroP, for the synthesis of hindered peptides containing N-methylated or Calpha,Calpha-dialkylated amino acid residues. BEP was also proven to be an efficient reagent for the synthesis of esters, especially active esters and hindered esters, and tert-butyl esters.

Supplier: Adipogen

Description: Activation of cells by LPS is mediated by the Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4), a member of the highly conserved protein family of TLRs, which are specialised in the recognition of microbial components. In mice, defects in TLR4 result in LPS unresponsiveness. For optimal interaction with LPS, TLR4 requires association with myeloid differentiation protein 2 (MD-2). According to current consensus activation of TLR4 is preceded by the transfer of LPS to membrane-bound (m) or soluble (s) CD14 by LPS-binding protein (LBP). This mechanism is believed to be generally true for LPS signaling. Re-form LPS and lipid A, but not S-form LPS, are capable of inducing TNF-alpha responses also in the absence of CD14. LPS, synthesized by most wild-type (WT) Gram-negative bacteria (S-form LPS), consists of three regions, the O-polysaccharide chain, which is made up of repeating oligosaccharide units, the core oligosaccharide and the lipid A, which harbors the endotoxic activity of the entire molecule. R-form LPS synthesized by the so-called rough (R) mutants of Gram-negative bacteria lacks the O-specific chain. Furthermore, the core-oligosaccharide may be present in different degrees of completion, depending on the class (Ra to Re) to which the mutant belongs. Monophosphoryl Lipid A (MPLA) represents a detoxified derivative of Lipid A and constitutes an important adjuvant in prophylactic and therapeutic vaccines.

Supplier: Adipogen

Description: Potent, cell permeable adenylyl cyclase activator. Increases intracellular cAMP levels. Widely used tool to investigate cAMP as a second messenger. Inotropic and antihypertensive. Smooth muscle relaxant/vasodilator. Glucose transporter inhibitor. Platelet aggregation inhibitor. Stimulates lipolysis in fat cells. Non-competitive nicotinic acetylcholine receptors inhibitor. MAP kinase inhibitor. Upregulates mitochondrial uncoupling protein (UCP) mRNA levels in brown adipose tissue. Autophagy inhibitor. Hedgehog signaling inhibitor. Has antiglaucoma potential. Promotes neuronal differentiation of NSCs.